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Writer's pictureDr Steven Hoang

Understanding Tunnel Vision: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatments

What Is Tunnel Vision


Tunnel vision can be a disorienting condition that affects peripheral vision, making it feel like you're viewing the world through a narrow tunnel. While it might come on gradually or suddenly, losing your ability to see things to the side of your direct line of sight can be alarming.


Tunnel vision typically occurs when the rods in your eyes, which help with peripheral vision, stop functioning properly. Though the cones responsible for central vision continue to work, you lose the ability to see what’s happening around the edges of your field of view. This condition often presents alongside other symptoms, depending on its underlying cause.


If you're concerned about your eye health or experiencing vision changes, book an eye exam today to ensure your vision is in good hands.y!


What Is Tunnel Vision

Tunnel vision is a vision defect that usually happens when an eye condition inhibits the function of the rods that help us to see. It then causes the loss of our peripheral vision, though the cones still function normally.


This means that a person who is suffering from tunnel vision cannot see out of the corners of their eyes and can really only see what is directly in front of them, or can only see a direct path in front of them.


An easy way to describe tunnel vision is that the affected person’s vision has narrowed. As the name of the condition suggests, tunnel vision is almost like the affected person is looking down a tunnel, or that their vision has tunnelled.


Tunnel vision affects may also come with night vision issues.





Causes of Tunnel Vision

Understanding the underlying causes of tunnel vision can help you recognize when it’s time to seek professional care. Some causes are treatable, while others require ongoing management. Here are the most common conditions associated with tunnel vision:


1. Glaucoma

Glaucoma is one of the most frequent causes of tunnel vision. It results from elevated pressure within the eye that damages the optic nerve, leading to peripheral vision loss. The condition progresses over time and primarily affects older adults. Early diagnosis is crucial, as untreated glaucoma can cause permanent vision loss.

Glaucoma treatments, such as eye drops, laser therapy, or surgery, can slow the progression of the disease, but vision lost to glaucoma cannot be restored. Learn more about glaucoma treatment options.




  1. Optic Neuritis

Optic neuritis is inflammation of the optic nerve, often leading to sudden vision loss, tunnel vision, and eye pain. It’s typically associated with autoimmune conditions like multiple sclerosis. The symptoms often worsen over several days, but vision may recover partially after the inflammation subsides..




  1. Retinal Detachment

When the retina detaches from the back of the eye, it can cause tunnel vision. Retinal detachment is a medical emergency and requires immediate treatment to prevent severe or permanent vision loss. Warning signs include sudden flashes of light, floaters, and a shadow over part of your vision.


  1. Retinitis Pigmentosa

Retinitis Pigmentosa refers to a group of inherited retinal diseases that lead to the gradual loss of peripheral vision and difficulty seeing in dim light. Though there is no cure for RP, early diagnosis and intervention, such as occupational therapy, can help manage the condition’s progression.


Treatments for Tunnel Vision

Treating tunnel vision depends on its cause. Common treatment options include:

  • Medications: For conditions like glaucoma and optic neuritis, prescription medications can slow the progression of vision loss.

  • Laser Therapy: Laser treatment is commonly used to reduce eye pressure in glaucoma patients or repair retinal tears.

  • Surgery: Retinal detachment often requires surgical intervention to reattach the retina and preserve vision.


Early detection and prompt treatment are key to managing tunnel vision and preventing further vision loss. Regular eye exams can help catch these conditions before they progress. Schedule an eye exam with us to protect your vision.

 

Frequently Asked Questions

What does it mean when you get tunnel vision?

Tunnel vision refers to a loss of peripheral vision, leaving only your central vision intact. It can be caused by several eye conditions, including glaucoma, optic neuritis, or retinal detachment.


What does anxiety tunnel vision look like?

Yes, anxiety and panic attacks can trigger temporary tunnel vision. When your body experiences an anxiety response, your vision may narrow as your brain focuses on what seems most critical. This tunnel vision often resolves once the anxiety subsides.


Why is my vision suddenly tunnelling?

Sudden tunnel vision can be caused by ocular migraines, head injuries, alcohol or drug use, or serious conditions like retinal detachment. If you experience sudden vision changes, seek medical attention immediately.


About Dr. Steven Hoang

Dr. Steven Hoang, a licensed optometrist with over 10 years of experience, specializes in comprehensive eye care, including the diagnosis and management of conditions such as dry eye, corneal dystrophies, and other vision-related health issues. His extensive knowledge in ocular health, coupled with his patient-first approach, ensures that you receive the highest level of care. Dr. Hoang is committed to staying up-to-date with the latest advancements in eye care technology and treatment options. He is an active member of Alberta College of Optometrist. Learn more about Dr. Steven Hoang here and his professional background by visiting his LinkedIn profile.




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